Jersey fabric的中文是平織布,又名汗布。最初只由羊毛紗線製作,但如今有羊毛、棉和合成纖維(或以上的混合紗線)的版本。自中世紀以來,生產材料的英國屬地澤西島海峽群島,一直是針織品的重要出口國,而島上非常有彈性的單面針織羊毛面料也廣為人知,Jersey 布的得名也來自此處。當此平針織物用上輕質紗線製作時,就成了最常用於製作T恤的面料。它同時被認為是一種出色、多用途的面料,適用於如連衣裙和女式上衣等。最初由於它吸濕力強,多用於生產內衣褲。

French couturier Gabrielle 'Coco' Chanel (1883 - 1971) at her home, Fauborg, St Honore, Paris. (Photo by Sasha/Getty Images)

French couturier Gabrielle 'Coco' Chanel (1883 - 1971) at her home, Fauborg, St Honore, Paris. (Photo by Sasha/Getty Images)

最初為人知,當然是因為它的舒適。在第一次世界大戰時,美國士兵穿的羊毛非常侷束,但他們發現歐洲士兵所穿的由jersey製成的棉質內衣輕巧舒適,於是也開始穿上這種柔軟舒暢的內衣。到了二戰時,T恤已經成為美國陸軍及海軍的標準內衣。而與時尚的首次邂逅,很可能來自上世紀時尚界第一女性香奈兒。1916年,Gabrielle Chanel為了對抗當時守舊、只以傳統華貴材質作衣的時裝業,首度採用本來只令人聯想到內衣褲的jersey布料在高級時裝之上。 這種反叛的文化基因由此植根在jersey和T恤之上。

1951: Actor Marlon Brando poses for a portrait on the set of the movie 'A Streetcar Named Desire' which came out in 1951. (Photo by Warner Bros/Getty Images)

1951: Actor Marlon Brando poses for a portrait on the set of the movie 'A Streetcar Named Desire' which came out in 1951. (Photo by Warner Bros/Getty Images)

LOS ANGELES - 1955: Actor James Dean poses for a Warner Bros publicity shot for his film "Rebel Without A Cause" in 1955 in Los Angeles, California. (Photo by Michael Ochs Archives/Getty Images)

LOS ANGELES - 1955: Actor James Dean poses for a Warner Bros publicity shot for his film "Rebel Without A Cause" in 1955 in Los Angeles, California. (Photo by Michael Ochs Archives/Getty Images)

這種反叛的文化基因由此植根在jersey和T恤之上。直至1950年代T恤開始從內衣變成日常外着,《慾望號街車》中渾身雄性賀爾蒙的馬龍白蘭度(Marlon Brando)穿上白tee攝服觀眾。然後在1955年更青春的占士甸(James Dean)在《阿飛正傳》穿上窄T恤,演繹「無需理由的反叛」,令白tee真正成為青年文化中的時尚象徵。

Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher greets fashion designer Katharine Hamnett, wearing a t-shirt with a nuclear missile protest message, at 10 Downing Street, where she hosted a reception for British Fashion Week designers. (Photo by PA Images via Getty Images)

Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher greets fashion designer Katharine Hamnett, wearing a t-shirt with a nuclear missile protest message, at 10 Downing Street, where she hosted a reception for British Fashion Week designers. (Photo by PA Images via Getty Images)

反戰的Katharine Hamnett 在1984年穿上印了“58% Don’t want Pershing”的標語T恤去唐寧街10號見戴卓爾夫人,抗議英國政府在一個基地運送近百枚巡航導彈,這次事件讓T恤成為一種政治媒介。自此slogan tee從未停止過它的發聲作用,2017年Maria Grazia Chiuri成為Dior首位女性總設計師時,第一個重點設計就是一件寫上“We Should All Be Feminists ”的jersey tee,今季Dior couture,Chiuri再以tee詰問的是時裝是否還能表現當下。在當今政治行動中,極具可塑性又唾手可得的它仍然是最有力的道具,一時黑一時白一時藍一時黃,代表的正是更多元的角力。

PARIS, FRANCE - SEPTEMBER 30: A model walks the runway during the Christian Dior Ready to Wear fashion show as part of the Paris Fashion Week Womenswear Spring/Summer 2017 on September 30, 2016 in Paris, France. (Photo by Victor VIRGILE/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images)

PARIS, FRANCE - SEPTEMBER 30: A model walks the runway during the Christian Dior Ready to Wear fashion show as part of the Paris Fashion Week Womenswear Spring/Summer 2017 on September 30, 2016 in Paris, France. (Photo by Victor VIRGILE/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images)

PARIS, FRANCE - JULY 01: Ruth Bell walks the runway during the Christian Dior Haute Couture Fall/Winter 2019 2020 show as part of Paris Fashion Week on July 01, 2019 in Paris, France. (Photo by Peter White/Getty Images)

PARIS, FRANCE - JULY 01: Ruth Bell walks the runway during the Christian Dior Haute Couture Fall/Winter 2019 2020 show as part of Paris Fashion Week on July 01, 2019 in Paris, France. (Photo by Peter White/Getty Images)